A communication technique used during resuscitation that involves repetition of information between the sender and the recipient to ensure instructions are heard and understood is known as:

• A. Closed-loop communication
• B. Effective communication
• C. Team-led communication
• D. Passive communication

Answer: (A)

Closed-loop communication is a technique used in resuscitation to verify that instructions are heard and understood by repeating or paraphrasing the message and receiving confirmation. This creates a quick feedback loop where the sender gives a directive, the recipient repeats it back, and the sender confirms or corrects. This helps ensure everyone is on the same page despite stress, noise, or interruptions, reducing the risk of miscommunication during critical tasks. The other terms are broader or describe different concepts (effective communication is overall quality, team-led refers to leadership structure, and passive communication implies a lack of active confirmation), so they don’t specifically capture the verification loop that closes the communication gap.