Craniosynostosis may be associated with which endocrine condition?

• A. Congenital hyperthyroidism
• B. Congenital hyperinsulinemia
• C. Congenital hypothyroidism
• D. Growth hormone deficiency

Answer: (A)

Cranial sutures fuse early when thyroid hormone levels are high because thyroid hormone accelerates bone maturation and osteoblastic activity. In congenital hyperthyroidism, the excessive hormone speeds up skull development, leading to premature fusion of the cranial sutures known as craniosynostosis. This association is why neonatal thyrotoxicosis can present with craniosynostosis. In contrast, congenital hypothyroidism slows maturation rather than speeding it, and growth hormone deficiency or congenital hyperinsulinemia do not typically cause premature suture closure.