In neonates receiving conventional amphotericin B, which electrolyte abnormality should be closely monitored?

• A. Hypokalemia
• B. Hypercalcemia
• C. Hypoglycemia
• D. Hypomagnesemia

Answer: (A)

Amphotericin B commonly causes nephrotoxicity with renal wasting of electrolytes. The most clinically important and characteristic disturbance is hypokalemia from potassium loss in the renal tubules. In neonates, this can be significant, so potassium levels should be monitored closely and replacement considered as needed. Magnesium wasting often occurs too and can worsen potassium loss, but potassium disturbance is the primary concern highlighted here. Hypercalcemia or hypoglycemia are not typical findings with this drug in this context.